my detailed essay plan

As this essay should be 3000 words, i would have to go into specific detail and refer to many books and texts (quotes and visual reference to cagney and lacey most likely)
my first paragraph, would introduce my essay and explain my thesis.(a v.brief summary of this is that the essay is about the rep of women in CSI and my thesis will possibly be something along the lines of how CSI subverts stereotypes of women(blonde in particular)and actually shows them as intellectual successful (in every aspect of life, personal and career wise)women that have achieved alot. they are also seen quite equivalent to men in the programme. )

After this comes my second and third paragraphs which will mainly explain the CSI concept in more detail and alongside that analyse the representation of women in the programme. CSI:crime scene investigation is a a series which looks into the investigationof murders, this can be coutned as part of the police genre but almost a soap opera, not only does CSI just look into the murders they focus on the protagonist's personal lives, allowing some sort of relation to be made by the audience. The programme subverts typical housewife stereotypes as still seen in many programmes, therefore allows many females to appreciate the characters. the prominent regular female characters are Catherine willows, a 30 something blonde who got through university by being an exotic dancer(allowing vouyeristic/fetishistic pleasure through th emale gaze) she is second in command, Gill grissom is the "Boss", allowing a man to be in control. the second female is Sara sidle who is a general investigator alongside many males.these 2 are the main females within the show who are featured in almost every episode alongside the males. the females have a 25% share in the main characters which still isn't alot compared to the 75% of males.these females overall have been given strong independant roles, as catherine is a single parent raising a girl and also working, getting by in life, and Sara has proved she can protect herself. [R, G, A] [S]

Relating texts
The main historical texts that i will relate back to CSI in my essay is Cagney and Lacey.C+L started in 1981 and followed two female undercover investigators in their pursue of doing their job, which is tracking down criminals.this can be compared heavily to the female characters in CSI. "working girls" by Yvonne tasker pointed out the fact that when females are put side by side in programmes or films, they will usually have opposite characteristics. as seen in C+L one is blonde one is brunnette, which leads the blonde one to be much more female, has a more feminine appearance, from props costume and personal appearance.the brunnette is seen to be slightlier more butch and more masculine, emotionally stronger etc. This is the same case with CSI. Catherine Willows is blonde and wears dresses, skirts has longer hair, applies make up etc, whereas Sara is brunnette shorter hair,consistently wears trousers is shown more emotionally stable and solid. etc.this is an interesting view to expand on in the essay. these programmes have alot of similarities which can be identified. [R, G, A, N] [H]

Alongside this more recent texts such as legally blonde, which follow the more intellectual approach to stereotyping women...blonde women in particular. women are not just seen as the damsels in distress that need saving, they are independant enough to handle their own problems. Also i f referring back to the Auteur theory, i can talk abotu CSI :NY and CSI:MIAMI, which are both directed by Antony .E.zuiker, who has also directed CSI:crime scene investigation

Theorists and list of titles to refer to
Laura mulvey is a must, her theory of the male gaze fits in well with the topic i will be exploring, somehow CSI is able to subvert many stereotypes but ends up back in order to please the male audience.Mulveys visual pleasures and narrative cinema will be referred to alot through my essay, apart fromt his, as her work is influenced by Freud and Jaques Lacan(i fink thats how you spell the name :S) i will refer back to them to.
apart from that there are some vital books which will help in order for me to write this essay, some of them will be mentioned more than others obviously as some are directly relevant to my study
Working girls by Yvonne Tasker --> this book , even though i borrowed it and didnt read it thpouroughly, i only read the chapters relevant to CSI, has alot of information for my Independant study [R, M, Id, G, N] [S, H]
Defining women: TV and the case of cagney and lacey by Julie D’Acci (1994)
Spectacular bodies: gender, genre and the action cinema By Yvonne Tasker(1993)
Representing women myths of femininity in the popular media By Myra MacDonald (1995)-->this is a very important book(as i have heard) and this will help me out alot with my Independant study, i have read some passages online on the google thing, but i need to find the book and borrow it out for further in depth reading.
Fabrications: costume and the female body by Gaines Jane and Herzog charlotte(1990)-->Although I haven’t had a chance to read through this book because I have to find it first, I’ve read a brief Summary posted up on the internet and this book basically takes Laura Mulvey’s theory and pushes it further with its own ideas, of how costumes helps the representation of women in media, to fulfil the voyeuristic male gaze.

i have lots of other books which can be refered to, and they have been stated in a previous post, but i believe these are the main titles i will refer to.

CSI issues and debates
CSI is able to bring up many issues and debates within the media but also within the audiences.

Racial issues
As CSI is a US programme, alot of the ideas could have been influenced by the rest of the media, e.g the news. alot of the convicts and criminals are portrayed as Black men, creating a moral panic within the society (as stated my michael moore in bowling for columbine), however CSI subverts this and rarely shows a black man as a criminal, it explores all types of races, even though the asian are a minority this may be done in order for a sense of realism, because the programme is set in Las vegas, how many asian do you expect there?

Feminism
CSI is set since 2000 onwards, and within this time frame, women have been much more assertive, in reality and within the media. Catherin and Sara are perceived and portrayed as independant successfull women, who don't need to rely on men for support in any way shape or form.When Catherine is raped she confides in Sara showing a form of female union, even though they aren't shown as best of friends they work together and respect each other.they are supportive of each other, and if any onehas a sexist comment to make, catherine and SAra don't take it lighlty but they actual fight back [R, Id, A, N] [S]

historical texts TASK 12

CaGnEy aNd lAcEy
http://www.cagneyandlacey.com/index.aspx

Cagney and Lacey are two female New York policewomen doing their job as best they can in a male-dominated police department. The weekly program was variously a "cop show", a relationship drama, and an "issues vehicle" The script for the movie was written in the mid-1970's. It took many years for the script to be produced because the networks felt that there was no audience for a realistic show about policewomen. When the TV movie aired, it was a ratings smash and inspired a successful series of the same name. Television police drama starring two female cops as partners. Their contrasting personalities (one is tough and the other sensitive) strengthen them as a team, allowing each a different perspective on both personal and professional situations. The show was canceled at the end of the 1982-83 season, due to low ratings. In response, viewers wrote to CBS, protesting the cancellation. This effort, combined with the show's increasing ratings during the summer reruns, prompted the network to reverse the decision. Although the cast members had just been released from their contracts, they were soon brought back to work on the show. The series was reinstated in March of 1984, and ran until 1988.
watched episode "heat"-->cagney and lacey
They have the feminine and masculine feel to them which can be referred back to the book i read, working girls(by Yvonne tasker) , as they referred to cagney and lacey and talked about the feminine and masculine characters between the two females. This specific episode was found on you tube and i watched all 7 parts of the episode :). It was long but it works well with my independent study. 2 females are shown dominant in the episode and the story revolves around them, something that wasn't seen very often back in the 80's.
*Heat won awards for the character roles in that episode*
But the story concept is taken over my men and the only two females around are cagney and lacey, which shows the under representation of women in the police force.(Tuchman symbolic annihilation of women in media)

Cagney and lacey is a historical test which can be related back to my CSI independent study.It revolves around the police and crime genre, however CSI is a more indepth series about murder investigations. other programmes which relate to my sutdy are CSI ny and CSI miami, but cagney and lacey seems like the most related historical text.cagney and lacey's character roles are mostly in-synch with CSI:crime scene investigation. their are 2 females surrounded by males. the feminine/masculaine roles are also adopted by catehrine and sara within CSI, so there are many similarities.both programmes show the women as strong and emotionless. the roles have changed according to society changes but this only relates to the problems and changes in america.both prgorammes stil show relationships important in a females life, but focusing on CSI (because it also has male protagonists) the men are shown fully involved and obbsessed wtih relationship, they either have gambling problems or are devoted to their work. the males personal lives are almost a mystery, whereas everything about the females are known, their past, and their relationships are all on show for the programme.so according tot hese 2 texts its not much of a difference, but as i watch more cagney and lacey i may be able to find differences.
Books that will link to cagney and lacey which I can refer back to in my essay.

• Working girls(by Yvonne tasker)

• Defining women: TV and the case of cagney and lacey by Julie D’Acci (1994)

• Spectacular bodies: gender, genre and the action cinema By Yvonne Tasker(1993)

• Representing women myths of femininity in the popular media By Myra MacDonald (1995)

TASK 11

Laura mulvey’s visual pleasures and narrative cinema summary
Mulvey uses her psychoanalytic approach to uncover the patriarchal codes and ideologies of the sex object stereotype of women. (Phallocentric ideology-where a male dominance is recognized and makes his sex desires and needs a priority). Castration anxiety is also referred to, as she talks about how the media represents women in order for men not feel better about them. The media satisfies and reinforces the masculine ego and represses the desire of women.

Mulvey states two types of viewing fetishistic and voyeuristic, in which both of them the audience is expected to be male therefore in order to create a heterosexual viewing, women will be portrayed as sex objects to please the audience…the male audience.

She refers to lacan’s work in order to try explaining the narcissistic pleasures in viewing. The audience places themselves as the characters and have some sort of pleasure enforced…e.g. James bond allows many men narcissistic pleasure as they substitute themselves for James bond and create their own individual pleasure out of the media text. The screen acts like a mirror for the male dominated audience.

The male gaze is active and the female gaze is passive. Women, in the world of images, are displayed as sexual objects. Women were portrayed at 2 levels,

1. as erotic object for male characters in the screen story,

2. as an erotic object for the spectator in the auditorium

The activity/passivity of the audiences affects the narratives of the media texts, so male characters are shown to be more active and dominant in the media, and are shown as undefeated in order for the audience to relate to the character and enjoy their narcissistic pleasure. Mulvey says that "the power of the male protagonist as he controls events coincides with the active power of the erotic look both giving a satisfying sense of omnipotence."

Sadistic viewing is stated for film noir. Men blame the femme fatale for the passive thinking of the male characters

How Mulvey is relevant to my study

Laura Mulvey theory is directly relevant to my study as I am focusing on the representation of women in CSI…the media.

Mulvey’s study relates to Freud’s work, about scopophilia, and directly focuses on the objectification of women for the male gaze. She also refers to Jacques lacans work. There are 2 women in CSI and one is portrayed with more masculine qualities whereas the other has more feminine qualities this is portrayed through their costume props etc.

Catherine willows are constantly referred to by colleagues and criminals in ways which connote a sexual innuendo. The directors have probably used this characterization to their advantage, showing they can portray a successful strong independent woman doing her job and having no sexual blatant interests (Sara sidle) but do the complete opposite with Catherine. Mulvey’s theory alongside Freud’s can be used for many points in my argument within my essay, Mulvey’s findings can make my proposal stronger and allows me to back up my points heavily with a lot of proof.

A few episodes starred a certain woman (Heather) and she was represented as a paid dominatrix. Even though her role allowed her to be dominant over many men, she was still paid, and therefore in and under control of a man. The way she is dressed allows a voyeuristic viewing and fulfills the male gaze within the audience

blog buddy summary wid raj

theorists-->laura mulvey...and the male gaze.
masculinity and femininity-->cross gendering"mrs doubtfire"/"white chicks"
useful books-->Representing women myths of femininity in the popular media By Myra MacDonald (1995)
the superior roles females have taken recently in the media
how males prevent female dominance in x men 3

Book Research

Working girls by Yvonne Tasker 1998 published simultaneously in USA and Canada. Reprinted in 2000 2002 twice 2004 and 2005
I worked through this book and it had a specific section of the representation of working women in the crime series and department in the media, it focused on the women in a program called cagney and lacey which is quite an old text to refer to but is still relevant.

Here are 2 of the few quotes I found relevant and can comment on in my independent study.
“There are only 3 ages for women in Hollywood. Babe, District attorney and driving miss daisy” Elise Eliot in the first wives club.

This was a quote taken form the show Cagney and lacey
“I hope the people of United States of America will be able to sleep better knowing that women like us have guns- thank you.” (Page 94)
The specific reference to WOMEN and not PEOPLE defines them as female characters and does not generalize between the genders.
A few hundred years back it would have been ok for men to carry a gun but for women it would almost be a crime. Now women carrying guns is seen as a good thing which shows how time has moved on and the movement of feminism has helped having a more equal society status.

That specific section also talks about a theory about the opposition of characters; in general for example it would be a man and woman….the opposites. But in the case of Cagney and lacey it shows more detailed differences, directly linking to gender differences, for example a feminine female and a more butch female, blonde hair brunette hair, smart female and a scruffy female. This is also seen in CSI with Sara and Catherine, where Sara is seen as the more masculine woman, and Catherine is the more feminine woman.

from here to modernity: feminism and post feminism By Barbara Creed (1987)
Whereas feminism would attempt to explain that crisis [of legitimation that Lyotard has described] in terms of the workings of patriarchal ideology and the oppression of women and other minority groups, postmodernism looks to other possible causes – particularly the West’s reliance on ideologies which posit universal truths – Humanism, History, Religion, Progress, etc. While feminism would argue that the common ideological position of all these ‘truths’ is that they are patriarchal, postmodern theory...would be reluctant to isolate a single major determining factor.
(Creed, 1987:52)
Defining women: TV and the case of cagney and lacey by Julie D’Acci (1994)
Reading through a few of the pages explains the ideology behind the program of cagney and lacey. It is not a feminist text, but helps the audience read more in tune with the feminist Aims of the program.
It also talks about the sexual spectacle made of the females in the media for male gaze. It carries on further in the text about pleasing and fulfilling the audiences fantasies, both male and female.

Fabrications: costume and the female body by Gaines Jane and Herzog charlotte(1990)
Although I haven’t had a chance to read through this book because I have to find it first, I’ve read a brief Summary posted up on the internet and this book basically takes Laura Mulvey’s theory and pushes it further with its own ideas, of how costumes helps the representation of women in media, to fulfil the voyeuristic male gaze.

Murder by the book feminism and the crime novel by Sally Munt(1994)
This book focuses on crime fiction novels rather than moving texts but I’m sure I could find a book I could relate back to in my independent study.

Spectacular bodies: gender, genre and the action cinema By Yvonne Tasker(1993)
This book talks about the representation of gender rather then sex, as Brigitte neilson, is a tall butch like female but her feminine features such as her breasts are enhanced naturally gives her a sexual fantasy look and has worked in Beverley hill cops. It also talks about how her real life is misrepresented and how men fear her because of her shape and size.

It also talks about how sometimes women are just used as a spectacle to make the story more complex and interesting, but as a human or infact a heroine she is of no real importance, her character won’t be a main one within the story if she’s supposed to be a saviour. Women are usually shown as the ones desperately seeking protection rather than actually helping to save someone.

The final Frontier By Glenda Riley
Need to borrow it to read through it

A woman’s place? By Monica Vincent (1982)
Can’t find a copy online but will follow up in our school library.

Representing women myths of femininity in the popular media By Myra MacDonald (1995)
This will hopefully be one of my biggest and best sources, flicking through the book I realised there is so much I can extract from that and can help me with my independent study, so I will have to …soon borrow this from the library and actually read through it thoroughly in order to understand the theory behind it.
Women gossip Women giggle. Women niggle-niggle-niggle. Men Talk.(Liz Lochhead, "Men Talk" from True Confessions, 1986)
Shopping is to a woman what getting drunk is to a man.(Columnist Dorothy Dix in Daily Mirror, 19 December 1935)

Nothing is impossible, not for she devils.Peel away the wife, the mother, find the woman, and there the she devil is.( Fay Weldon, The Life and Loves of a She Devil, 1983)

Blog Buddies

My blog buddies are…Kirandeep Jheita who’s doing representation of women in desperate housewives and from the other class Dilraj Bhamra who’s doing representation of women in x men 3.
My topic is quite specific so it was hard trying to find someone doing representation of women in the crime genre, but both desperate housewives and x men 3 have a sense of enigmatic crime to them………:s btw I have no idea if I’m making sense or not LOL.
Ok so Kiran’s Independent study is about the representation of women in Desperate Housewives. Kiran’s gonna focus on the representation and try and state that it is negative. Each character is shown differently ‘desperate’, desperate for something like money, love, a man, a family, a career, whereas a true representation would show problems in life, not perfectly airbrushed like Gabrielle or as successful as Bree.
Raj’s Independent study focuses on the representation of women in x men 3, even though I haven’t watched x men 3 (or any of the first one’s either lol)...Erm his question focuses on if women are still seen to be inferior to men. Even though these women seem to be powerful (in a fantasy-fied way lol) they are still incompetent of other things, making them inferior but not directly to male dominance it could be towards other things.
The way storm can control the weather is known as pathetic fallacy in English (I remember Mr. Munro teaching us this with a Shakespeare play I think) its when the weather reflects your mood so like, clouds and heavy rain can represent angry and upset, whereas a bright sunny day can show a happy emotion.
Both these studies can be related to mines in some way and can show how misrepresented women are even today in the media. Even though Females are shown much stronger than they used to, and can stand up for themselves and don’t act like damsel’s in distress waiting for their savior to come rescue them, they do need rescuing from their lives and are not perfect and happy without men.
From these blog’s I’ve learnt that women are misrepresented everywhere, and even though desperate housewives may seem like a breakthrough for women, as they are shown as successful independent women, the title ‘desperate’ is stamped on each character. Raj’s Blog has also shown that women are always shown as a jigsaw puzzle with a missing piece, anywhere within the media.

self evaluations

Attainment -- 1—I have developed my understanding of media a lot this year.

Effort -- 1 my blog work is always consistent and I hope to keep it that way J… also I do participate in class discussions a lot more than what I used to.

Punctuality -- 1 I’m always on time

Submission and quality of homework -- 1 so far so good

Ability to work independently -- 2 could be better, I depend on people input a bit, but I can do my own independent work as well.

Quality of writing -- 3 could be better I think personally I can use media terminology but I think I should be using much more.

Organization of Media folder -- 1 all in order

Oral contributions in class -- 1 I constantly participate in class discussions and I am not afraid to say what I think.

Standard of Module 5 blog-- 1 its sik lol its getting along very well, just having problems at home I can’t post up anything on the blog from my home computer there’ some sort of problem with the Google toolbar, so I have to come into school and then post things up .

Standard of Module 6 blog-- 2 good, we don’t have much to put up there yet, just media guardian stories so far so it should get better.
WWW--
blog work has been really good
class discussions and input
good understanding and focus in lessons

EBI--
more blog work, analyzing clips for med 5
read newspapers and articles everyday for med 6
try and use more media terminology

self directed research

Self directed research
Wickedness.net àacademic paper

http://lass.calumet.purdue.edu/cca/gmj/fa06/graduatefa06/gmj_grad_fa06_kleminski.htm --> another academic paper

Representation Tag: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/gaze/gaze09.htmlWomen Tag: http://www.uiowa.edu/~commstud/resources/GenderMedia/index.htmlMed 5 tag:
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Modules/MC30820/represent.html

www.youtube.com for all of the videos I’ve watched or analyzed

www.wikipedia.org I know it isn’t totally reliable but I have used it.

CSI fan sites and the official websites

The scene starts of with a bird’s eye view of Las Vegas. This sets the scene and helps the audience understand where the show is set. It has non diegetic sound and a bridge from the following scene which takes a jump cut. Hodges the forensic scientist is talking to Catherine willows about her evidence. There is a slow zoom into Hodges Catherine and Warrick. This scene predominantly conveys the genre to the audience. Over the shoulder shots and Catherine and Hodges speak. She is tested on her geology and this shows her as an intellectual women. This subverts the dominant ideology and shows women can be just as superior as men. She is also a blonde woman which makes it oppose many other ideology and values. However the following lines still make her seem like a sex object and goes back to her teenage rebellious years. She talks about dating the T.A in high school, in a normal tone but as soon as Warrick starts talking her tone of voice and facial expression both change. The angle becomes slightly higher than before making her seem inferior yet this could be for the male gaze for men to believe she can be controlled and they are dominant. She squints her eyes slightly and her tone of voice becomes much huskier, this shows she is trying to flirt with Warrick and is trying to appeal to him. They are both caught in a moment until Hodges interrupts. This shows people can see the situation between them, and therefore Catherine, even though very intellectual and is at work, is still seen through the male gaze by Warrick and possibly by the audience. Although CSI subverts representing women in the light of stupid and just there for men’s desires, it still fulfills that ideology by showing this situation between Warrick and Catherine.

The props are quite basic and reflect the police and crime genre. Catherine’s facial expression changes yet again with a slight pout but trying to conceal her laughter and embarrassment, she is yet still looking at Warrick still keeping that connection even though Hodges has moved back to the evidence. Throughout the rest of the scene we can still see the embarrassment on warrick’s face. This whole scene has a slight romantic feel with Warrick and Catherine but primarily is set out for voyeurism by the male audience. The male gaze is fulfilled with Catherine’s facial expression tone of voice and what she is talking about.

This scene itself has a linear narrative which just follows the storyline but has an enigmatic code, as to what’s going on between Warrick and Catherine. The issue this brings up is “can women be realistically represented without fulfilling the male gaze in media texts?”
Programmes such as CSI should follow the crime storyline but they always have dual narratives with relationships etc and through this many females are represented as they would be in many other programmes.

Ten more media key words 4rm dictionary
1. Chick flick-- I may use this term to respond to films such as legally blonde, they show Reese Witherspoon and a lawyer even though she is not too clever she is a typical blonde woman who has a small dog and loves pink. Yet she does so much with her self and achieves things that help many people.

2. Cognition-- is where the audience perceives what they see in the media and believe it. Many people at fault for this cognition involve George bush, Rupert Murdoch and Richard Branson. Relating this to my I.S I can show that the media builds up expectations of women for the male gaze and CSI subverts it a lot.

3. Cognitive dissonance-- this is when an individual strongly opposes the cognition shown within the media. This can consist of feminist women.

4. Auteur-- are directors who have recognisable traits within their work, antony E. Zuiker is an auteur as he has directed all CSI series.

5. Crime fiction-- CSI comes within the crime fiction genre. All the stories are creatively written.

6. Cultivation theory-- theory constructed by George gerbner which states that the media can change the audiences’ views even in the real world. He states the media has long term affects which slowly take place.


7. Gender-- according to gender we can state that Sara sidle in CSI has slight masculine features about her, e.g. the way he dresses her appearance compared to Catherine willows which has much more feminine qualities about her.

8. Effects theory-- this theory researches how passive an audience can be, so if CSI showed all their convicts as black men, we would see the reaction within the audience and how they would react to black men in real life. This is the same with the representation of women. After seeing Catherine willows the male audience may generalise and misjudge all blonde females.

9. Marxist feminism-- where feminist women believe that capitalism is the fault for the inequality and insecurity of males within society. This can slightly relate to Catherine because she became an exotic dancer for money.

10. New man-- term to describe the change within men since feminism revolution began. more men are happy to share household work etc.

i went through the delic.io.us tags and managed to find a few tags which can help me with my independent study, although there aren't ten up here, when i find more tags relevant to my study i will edit this post and add them to it.

Representation Tag: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/gaze/gaze09.html

Women Tag: http://www.uiowa.edu/~commstud/resources/GenderMedia/index.html

Med 5 tag: http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Modules/MC30820/represent.html

10 key terms i may use in my independent study

Connotation --> (certain object/image may have hidden meanings to it beyond its denotation)
Whilst talking about representation I can evaluate what the representation refers to for example (irrelevant to CSI) a red rose has a denotation of a flower but it can have connotations of love and passion.
Denotation--> (the simple and actual meaning of an image)
Representation of women in CSI is so mixed up so it would be important to differ between connotations and denotations of how women are dressed, whether they just normally dress a certain way or are there connotations behind it.
Empathy--> relating to a persons feelings (pleasure or pain) by going through the same experience.
Catherine willows second in command in the team of CSI: LV is seen to empathise with prostitutes and the suffering they have been through because she used to be an ‘exotic dancer’
femme fatale--> French theory which states women use their sexuality in order to gain what she wants
Many female victims or suspects are seen as whores who manipulate situations to achieve what they desire even if it concludes in someone’s death. So when talking about representation of victims or suspects I can refer to the femme fatale French theory.
Ideology--> is a key concept which I will constantly refer back to. It basically means attitudes beliefs and values.
CSI has a dominant ideology with it being very masculine in the fact that there are only 2 main female characters and the rest are males, this concept is held in all CSI series(reference to CSI:NY or CSI: Miami)
Mise-en-scene--> is another key concept which refers to everything within the frame. This involves lighting characters props dress/outfit make up etc.
The surroundings of the science labs refer to intellectual people and a woman around this area makes her seem quite clever in the sense that they are on the same level with men working in the labs.
Laura Mulvey--> has a theory about the male gaze and how media objectifies women for male voyeurism and pleasure.
I will be referring to Laura Mulvey a lot throughout my independent study because she states how women are objectified in the media and to a certain extent they are but CSI also shows them as strong powerful women. Auteur, Antony Zuiker has tried to avoid agreeing with Mulvey and has tried to contradict her theory.
Stereotype--> a social classification which refers to general characteristics about a group of people, which is extremely simplified and generalised which makes it quite inaccurate.
Women are stereotyped in many ways, we have dumb blondes, but films such as legally blonde or even in CSI blonde women are shown to be just as clever as any other hair colour. I will be bringing up the issue of stereotypes in my study.
Voyeur--> a person who watches other people or a situation from a detached area and do not know they are being watched.
Examples of voyeurs could be stalkers or peeping toms, or even an average TV audience because we are able to watch situation or programmes.
Watershed--> a set time which separates late evening shows to avoid any one to young to watch programmes with sex violence or bad language.
CSI is often shown after watershed because of its high explicit rate. It used to be shown at tea time in America but in the U.K has almost always been shown after 9pm

another academic paper :)

This is another academic paper I found about scrutinizing the male gaze, and links directly to CSI. this paper was actually 13 pages but I have tried to cut it down as much as possible to keep it relevant to female representation in CSI

Scrutinizing the Male Gaze
Mulvey (1975), in her paradigm-setting piece, “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema,” argues that the concept of the male gaze refers to three things: 1) camera position and angles that frame a scene voyeuristically, 2) the actual gaze of male characters when it objectifies female characters and 3) the gaze of the audience when it replicates either the camera’s voyeuristic gaze or male characters’ objectifying gaze.
Mulvey (1989) also asserts that the gaze’s frame of reference is the heterosexual, male experience around which the dominant society is normed. She argues that individual audience members, regardless their sex, view filmed performances through both the camera’s heterosexual, male “eye” and male characters’ perceptions of women. Hence, film and television socialize the audience into the male gaze and in so doing perpetuate hegemonic, patriarchal cultural notions of gender.

For example, in the first five seasons of CSI: Las Vegas, the “number one scripted series in the Nielsen ratings for three years running,” female characters consistently are objectified by the male gaze even as they are shown successfully occupying non-traditional roles for women (“CSI summary,” n.d.). The show’s popularity ensures that this bifurcated but ultimately misogynist representation of women circulates widely. Because the media play a critical role in shaping audiences’ behavior, identity, and values, this representation also informs beliefs about women’s social roles (Carilli, 2005; Del Negro, 2005; Dow, 1992; Heide, 1995; Meyers, 1999; Mulvey, 1975; Signorielli, 1997).

Crime Scene Investigation
As it narrates the team’s stories CSI: Las Vegas also portrays the gendered hierarchy that has emerged in the workplace since the mid-twentieth century when the number of middle- and upper-class white women who work outside the home increased substantially.
In 2003, women made up 47% of the total U.S. workforce (McBride-Stetson, 2004, p. 239). However, they held only 19% of the science, engineering and technology posts in the U.S. (Thom, 2001, p. 171).
Significantly, in CSI: Las Vegas self-determined women frequently are portrayed as fractured if not atomized under the male gaze. Sara and Catherine are among the show’s broken women. Their commitment to forensic science and their jobs is represented in ambivalent terms: Sara and Catherine are depicted as empowered and authoritative but also lacking, which is consistent with patriarchal assessments of women who are successful in nontraditional endeavors. Moreover, Sara and Catherine, because they resist patriarchal norms by performing a “man’s” job, are subject to a persistently invasive voyeurism—the women’s private lives become the focus of public scrutiny—that discourages similar career choices among female audience members.

Under the Microscope: The Female Body Atomized
In comparison to actual crime statistics a disproportionate number of CSI: Las Vegas’ victims are women who, regardless the nature of their work, act with a great deal of agency. But more often than not images of these women are atomized under the scrutiny of the male gaze. This is exemplified in Episode 93, “Viva Las Vegas,” which opens with the image of a bloodied woman lying on a hotel bed (on her back in her underwear). The male suspect is covered in blood but has no memory of murdering the woman.
Someone comments that the dead woman has swollen ankles. Catherine replies, “You ever tried shakin’ your ass in four-inch heels?” This hyper attenuated focus on the victim’s ankles is atomizing. It fractures the woman and splits her into disaggregated portions, reducing her to nothing more than a pair of implant-enhanced breasts, a “shakin’ ass” and misshapen ankles. Hence, here as in many other scenes, the female body is fragmented “into eroticized zones such as hair, face, legs, [and] breasts” (Roy, 2005, p. 4).
At the end of the scene a young woman walking down the hall in the doctor’s office contemptuously looks Catherine up and down. Catherine then stops to examine her image in a nearby mirror. She sees herself through the male gaze.
When these texts are juxtaposed they read like patriarchal urban legends. “Don’t stay single”–you will end up dead and naked in a hotel room somewhere. “Don’t age”–no man wants an old, wrinkled, flaccid woman.
Furthermore, when the camera casts its gaze on the “Viva Las Vegas” stripper’s breasts, ass, and feet it estranges her from her body which in turn socializes female members of the audience into similarly disassociated relationships with their bodies. Overall, in these types of shots women are portrayed as dissembled, objectified body parts rather than integrated subjects with a strong sense of their own personhood. Hence, if taken together, these scenes demonstrate Meyers’ (1999) contention that the “message may be that girls and women can be strong, smart, and independent as long as they remain within the confines of their homes and relationships while also maintaining traditional standards of feminine beauty” (p. 6).

The Different Faces of Power
Historically women as a group have had limited access to public power, especially in political and economic spheres. When women finally began to enter these domains they encountered obstacles preventing them from attaining power. Some of the most difficult challenges women must overcome are reactionary representations of female leaders that suggest they are “asexual,” whores, or dominatrixes (Jamieson, 1995, p. 72). These negative stereotypes are deployed with particular intensity in fields where the glass ceiling remains firmly intact and leadership continues to be predominantly male.
CSI: Las Vegas, a popular, powerful series, could encourage girls and young adults to pursue education and careers in STEM by showing female scientists in a positive light. It occasionally does. For example, in Episode 102, “No Human Involved,” Sara praises a teenage girl, Glynnis, for studying science and encourages Glynnis’ interest in quantum theory:

Sara: You like chemistry?
Glynnis: No. I’m not smart enough.
Sara: Sure you are. Glynnis, right? (Glynnis nods. Sara looks at the cover of her textbook.) Quantum theory. That’s compelling stuff actually.

However, for the most part the show portrays female scientists as either deploying patriarchal values in their relationships with other women, which are strained by animosity and competition, or lacking happy, fulfilling personal lives because of their jobs. Typically, for example, Sara and Catherine look at other female scientists through the lens of the male gaze, condemning rather than supporting female co-workers. Thus, the female scientists of CSI: Las Vegas conform to patriarchal mores just as do many non-fictional women.

Women’s Personal Lives in the Public Spotlight
In another episode the mother of a girl who was used to harvest organs for her older brother flings the ultimate insult at Catherine. The mother, who perpetrated the crime against the girl, attacks Catherine’s parenting skills. She asks, “So what kind of mother are you? When do you see her? You work nights. You probably don’t even know where she is half the time. Alicia’s life may not have been simple, but at least I knew her. Can you say the same?” Clearly this scene and others in which Catherine’s parenting skills are criticized suggest that she is unable to manage both a job and her family. These scenes’ common theme is that Catherine’s commitment to her work outside the home prevents her from being a good mother. Catherine, CSI: Las Vegas implies, cannot be both a first-rate scientist and a successful mother.
Catherine’s romantic relationships also are subject to public scrutiny and they tend to show her drawn to men who are abusive or emotionally and psychologically unavailable. However, rather than portraying this as the men’s flaw CSI: Las Vegas faults Catherine. This is evident when the audience meets her low-life ex-husband, a creepy guy she kisses in a bar parking lot in Episode 114 and when Catherine briefly dates a trashy club manager in Episode 93. Neither relationship is healthy and both end disastrously. At the end of Episode 93, for example, the manager breaks Catherine’s heart when she shows up unannounced at his club and catches him having sex with a younger woman. Instead of apologizing or expressing remorse the manager arrogantly defends himself: “What do you expect? I run a nightclub.” Catherine walks out without saying a word. Her silence speaks volumes. It suggests that she has a defeatist attitude and hints that she fears using an empowered voice to “talk back” to disrespectful, abusive male lovers. Therefore, Catherine’s silence signals that she acquiesces to rather than resists the male gaze’s voyeurism.

Conflict of Interests: What do we do with all of this?
CSI: Las Vegas is entertaining and features strong women occupying jobs that they would not have held a generation ago if it were not for feminist social change initiatives. Nevertheless, the show’s female characters struggle with the types of challenges that many non-fictional women face, such as difficult relationships with men, heavy workloads in and outside the home, and raising children as single parents. But CSI: Las Vegas also deploys patriarchal ideologies that limit women by encompassing them within the male gaze. No matter how strong, independent, and successful these women are portrayed they inevitably are objectified by the male gaze, which is dehumanizing:
Objectification does not simply mean that someone is the object or aim of your sexual desire. Rather, it is a systemic process whereby a sentient being is dehumanized, reduced to a thing, a being without social significance or stature, someone turned into something that can be exchanged, bartered, owned, shown off, kept, used, abused, and disposed of. (Caputi, 1999, p. 67)
Such CSI-style, patriarchal representations of women will continue to circulate in the media unless we can craft an alternative schema for narrating women’s life experiences that does not atomize them or put their private lives under the microscope for all to see (Fara 2004)

Hi i commented on 5 other blogs that have a similar independent study in that they lookat female representation as either inferior/superior or as sex symbols.Vishnas is different and interesting because she is saying women cannot be pretty and intelligent(because the media represent women in this way).Karundeep is luking at a wide media range because he is lookin at hw women representation has changed througout time.

http://representationsofwags.blogspot.com/
Vishna
http://dominantroles.blogspot.com/
karundeep
http://dilrajbhamra.blogspot.com/
raj
http://xxmrandmrssmithxx.blogspot.com/
dips
http://www.jas-thesopranos.blogspot.com/
jaspreet

hi cnt post up anything at home cuz blogger isnt working at home so ill post up things when i get 2 skl :)

Rachel Velody - CSI

I found a paper online which partially talks about the representation of women in CSI. I am trying to get hold of the whole paper but this is just the beginning. Enjoy reading it

Rachel Velody
Goldsmith's College, London
If Looks Could Kill: The Abject Gaze of Crime Scene Investigation
http://www.wickedness.net/e3s9.htm
In this paper I want to re-situate the term Abjection, looking at both the functions and dilemmas of its usage, within the popular American television series, C.S.I. (Crime Scene Investigation).
The c.s.i. team function much as a homicide detective squad, but forensics is the core of their work, consequently the body of the victim becomes the prime location of crime solving. C.S.I. is a recent addition, then, to the spectrum of Anglo-American television crime dramas that focus on forensics as the location of modern and authentic detective work. This shift to the body legitimates an explicit-ness in its processes of re-representation of murder. Much of C.S.I. is devoted to sequences in which the corpse is apparently dissected in front of us.
This paper takes a three-fold argument; with abjection positioned between the discourses of taste and gender. In the first instance will be looking at how C.S.I. operates on the one hand as a site of repulsion, and risks distancing the viewer. In this dual mode however, it also makes a demand that the viewer joins in its particular, (and pleasurable), rhetoric of violence. I argue in this first section that forensics is structured through a hyper-masculine rhetoric. Here the dynamic re-representation of the body and the processes of pathology are depicted through a kind of assault on the body, visceral, and frenzied - repulsive yet powerful and inviting. To position ourselves in the mode of detective in C.S.I. means subjugating ourselves to this 'macho' address.
I will then move on to analyse more closely two related ways in which the text is able to counter the risks associated with abjection. In the first instance I want to give a comparative account. Objective and scientific signs within the text are discussed as a critical mode of address working to exorcise the 'abject gaze'. There are of course, other American sub-genres contemporaneous to C.S.I. that can act as interesting contrast. Rather than cross to other sub-genres, however, I want to make a comparison of C.S.I. against recent British crime drams in which forensic pathology is dominant. I will therefore be considering the similarities to, and distinctions between C.S.I. and British texts such as Waking the Dead (dates) and Silent Witness (1996 onwards); to see how concepts of taste impact on the ways that crime drama is positioned in broadcasting. In the second part of the argument the concept of a hyper-masculine rhetoric emerges again.
Here, however, the focus looks at the ways that abjection functions in relation to the women of C.S.I. This is because the text produces a range of strong and active femininities in the roles of the forensics 'personnel', Katherine and Sarah. In this context of gender I want to look at the ways in which abjection both contributes to and contains the concept of a strong female in the text itself. The relationship between forensics and femininity is a particularly resonant theme in discussions of contemporary female representation, because of the traditional representation of women in crime, and the ways that C.S.I. appears to challenge this. At the same time, the sign of femininity is extremely useful, helping to conflate abjection with the female signifier of the pastoral. I want to look the extent to which this is the case.

change of essay question

I might be changing my question and thesis completely to representation of women in CSI series, if it follows stereotypes/if its an accurate representation of women in our society.

my thesis will possibly be something along the lines of how CSI subverts stereotypes of women(blonde in particular)and actually shows them as intellectual successful (in every aspect of life, personal and career wise)women that have achieved alot. they are also seen quite equivalent to men in the programme.catherine (the blonde one) is second in command to grissom...although he has overall power, in his absence she is to take all responsibilities of everyone. however getting through college and uni was hard so she became an ''exotic dancer' (aka hoe LOL) and that is brought up a few times in the show so in a way she is still portrayed as a sex object for the male gaze.... however in many other programmes or films blondes are shown as stupid and inadequate to do anything a man can do.CSI focuses on serious subjects but films such as legally blonde and legally blonde 2 also show that females (especially blondes)are capable to achieve anything anyone else can but it falls into the comedy genre.a negative representation of women is footballers wives or desperate housewives, which shows women that are where they are because of a man in their life, and many are seen as sex objects, another example of a negative representation is Baywatch.Marilyn monroe is a typical example of a blonde woman, a damsel in distress in any situation and flirts with men to get her way, being manipulative in a very sly way.Individuals such as paris hilton, dolly parton, jessica simpson have also grasped the dumb blonde idea quite well. :)...but i dont know if i want to focus on blonde women or women in general in CSI.bond girls are also a good topic to focus on, comparing to the CSI detectives. A theorist i can look at is laura mulvey and her theory about visual pleasure and narrative cinema.she described the male gaze in 2 ways specifically between the 50's and 60's "voyeuristic" (seeing women as 'madonnas') and "fetishistic" ( seeing women as 'whores').but i believe it still exists in the society, and many films are made specifically for the male gaze.but her work was much critisized,however it still fits in with my possible new question.looks like im changing my question then LOL :P

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QuOtEs

a few random quotes from da show :)
$Ea$On 1

• Gil Grissom: Thing is, I tend not to believe people. People lie. The evidence doesn't lie.
• Warrick Brown: Only clue he's got is a missing boat which sucks, 'cause ... it's missing.
• Catherine Willows: You right, you know. I should be just like you. Alone in my hermetically sealed condo watching discovery on the big screen working genius-level crossword puzzles, but no relationships. No chance any will slop over into a case. Right. I want to be just like you.

Gil Grissom: Technically, it's a townhouse. And the crosswords are advanced, not genius.But you're right. I'm deficient in a lot of ways. But I never screw up one of my cases with personal stuff.

Catherine Willows: Grissom ... what personal stuff?

• Rave Girl: I love you.

Gil Grisosm: Uh, thank you. You're a total stranger to me.

Warrick Brown: It's ecstasy. It makes everyone fall in love. Don't take it personally, miss. He's kind of married to his job.

• Gil Grissom: Well, if you're gonna break the law, Jim you've gotta know the law.
• Gil Grissom: There's three things I got a real problem with: Guys that hit their wives, sexual assault on children and the scum that deal death to kids.
• Gil Grissom: Nobody stopped to ask Candlewell if he was all right. They just assumed, because he was kicking the back of Nate's seat, that he was a jerk -- because he was pushing his call button that he was bothering the Flight Attendant -- because he was trying to get into the lavatory he was making a scene -- because he was going back and forth up and down the aisles, he was posing a threat.

Catherine Willows: He was a threat.

Gil Grissom: No. He turned into a threat. It didn't have to be that way. People make assumptions. That's the problem. You just did. And I think these passengers made the wrong assumption and now this guy's dead.

Warrick Brown: Well, if that's your stance how could it have been prevented?

Gil Grissom: If just one person had stopped and taken the time to look at the guy to listen to him, to figure out what was wrong with him it might not have happened. It took five people to kill him. It would have only taken one person to save his life.

• Sara Sidle: I am a woman, and I have a gun. And look how he treated me. I can only imagine how he treated his wife.
• Gil Grissom: It could be a piece of wrist bone.

Catherine Willows: Well, do you want to suck it ... to be sure?

• Sara Sidle: I wish I was like you, Grissom. I wish I didn't feel anything.
• Catherine Willows: What?

Sara Sidle: Nothing. This is fun.

Catherine Willows: As compared to what?

Sara Sidle: As compared to a more scientific approach.

• Gil Grissom: Sometimes, the hardest thing to do is to do nothing.

$Ea$On 2

• Gil Grissom: People don't vanish, Jim. It's a molecular impossibility.
• Gil Grissom: I can't be everywhere, Warrick and they banned human cloning
• Gil Grissom: Truth brings closure.Catherine Willows: Not always.
• Greg Sanders: Hey, yo, Cat ...

Catherine Willows: I'm going to forget that you called me that.

• Greg Sanders: Hey, Catherine? Do you think Sara would ever go out with me?

Catherine Willows: Sure. As long as you don't tell her it's a date.

• Nick Stokes: Sometimes, I hate this job.

$Ea$On 3

• Catherine Willows: Don't touch me. I'm evidence.
• Greg Sanders: All work and no play make Greg a dull boy ...

Gil Grissom: All play and no work make Greg an unemployed boy.

• Nick Stokes: There's a sucker born every minute.

Gil Grissom: Yup, and they all come to Vegas.

$Ea$On 4

• Gil Grissom: Dead men don't ride roller coasters

$Ea$On 5

• Jim Brass: Hey, Gil. Wait. You've got something stuck to your shoe. Oh, no, it's just Sanders.
• Catherine Willows: So I know that I've never said this to you guys before, but ... hide the evidence.
• Gil Grissom: My God, he's being eaten alive.

*ZeBrA*

the cast of *CSI*

This is William Peterson who plays Gil Grissom, he plays a night shift supervisor at the Las Vegas forensic science labs.he is shown to be a lonely individual who is ''married to his work'' as stated by Warrick brown, his colleague.Grissom's hobbies include his work, cockroach racing, reading, solving crossword puzzles, and riding roller coasters.Grissom often offers quotes from a variety of literary sources, particularly Shakespeare.Grissom knows sign language as his mother was deaf.
He has a relationship with co-worker sara sidle.

This is Marg Helgenberger who plays Catherine Willows and is second in command to Grissom.She has a daughter and Willows herself worked for a time as a dancer/stripper and briefly had a cocaine habit, dropping it before pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology from the University of Las Vegas. She has had many relationships within the programmes and was once a crime victim as her drink was spiked and she was raped.she is shown to have a rebellious streak in her even though she is a scientist, quite the opposite of Grissom who likes his routine life.

this is Jorja Fox who plays Sara sidle.she has a relationship going on with Grissom, and in the 7th season finale she is kidnapped and hid under a car and left to die, the team have to find out where she is located.In high school, Sara preferred to befriend teachers over students and she often ate alone in the library.

She also has a soft spot for animals - after seeing Grissom conduct an experiment using a pig, she became a vegetarian.

She also has a good singing voice, and can read upside down.

This is George Eads and he plays Nick Stokes.Nick specializes in hair and fiber analysis.

When he was nine years old, Nick suffered molestation, at the hands of a baby sitter.Nick has also appeared as a victim in a season finale where is trying to be rescued by his team from a bomb rigged coffin.he has had many more crime encounters, he had his car stolen, he's been stalked, thrown out of a 2nd storey window and been held at gun point many of times.During the sixth season of CSI, Nick grew an ill-advised moustache, but soon got rid of it.

This is Gary Dourdan who plays Warrick Brown.Brown has beensalvaged by Grissom.Brown had a heavy gambling addiction.He put himself through college working as a taxi driver, a bell captain at the Sahara, selling helicopter rides over the Grand Canyon, and a grave digger before finding his way to the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department and its CSI.His gambling problem got another CSI killed.He has a wife but they have shown problems in the past, as if they have given up on their marriage yet he still wears the wedding band.he has a strong bond with Nick stokes and feels awful when he is captured in the glass coffin.

This is Eric Szmanda and he plays Greg sanders.Greg knew from a young age that he wanted to become a scientist.Greg was the captain of the high school chess team.

He has a wide variety of hobbies, including surfing, scuba diving, numismatics(study of coins) supermodels and latex.He's always smiling, he remains somewhat optimistic.he was involved in a lab explosion accidentally caused by Willows, and also put his life at risk to save a tourist being beaten up by teenagers.Greg had a crush on Catherine Willows. Soon, the crush was replaced by another one Sara Sidle, which hasn't yet disapeared.He has alot to learn as he is very young.

This is Paul Guilfoyle who plays jim brass.Brass spent 20 years working his way up to detective in New Jersey.Brass, under stress, sometimes drank and would cover it up by popping cough drops to hide the smell of alcohol on his breath.Showing as an example of how much he trusts the team Brass has stated that he would want Gil Grissom's CSI team to investigate his murder.He used to have Grissoms job.Brass is seen in a tattoo parlor, having the date of his shooting (May 11, 2006) tattooed just below the bullet scar.
He has a daughter, ellie who unfortunately works as a stripper, but he still loves her but wants her to be careful in the sin city.

This is Robert David hall who plays Dr Al Robbins, cheif medical examiner(coroner)he examines bodies and works out C.O.D(cause of death).He is Grissom's intellectual equal – the two often carry out academically acquired banter.In one episode, he reveals to Grissom that in his fourth grade at school, he once dropped out of karate class because a kid half his size made him cry.Robbins has a fondness for coffee and plays guitar in a band he has formed with the day shift coroner.He also keeps an album of autopsy photos of celebrities who have died in Las Vegas and wound up on his table, including Tupac Shakur and The Who.

*zebra*

PrOpOsAl :)

my proposal

(although not approved by any teacher yet but i thought its important 2 at least write it)

For my independent study i have chosen to analyse and question C$I:cRiMe $cEnE InVe$tIGaTiOn (Las Vegas Police department *LVPD* ) and how it has helped develop the police genre in many serials and helped launch new programmes.

i will assess programmes American programmes such as

• CSI: crime scene investigation
• CSI: New York
• CSI: Miami
• Law & Order
• Without a trace

and British programmes such as The Bill, and many other films to see what affect the auteur Jerry bruckheimer has had on the police genre.
Jerry Bruckheimer and Anthony.E.Zuiker have both worked together on all CSI series.

CSI-CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION migrain

M--Mainly close up's situated in crime scene or science labs or offices, some establishing shots to show the crime scene.costumes involve casual clothing or lab suits. neutral facial expressions(not shocked nor happy). the lighting seems to not involve filler lights because shadows are quite prominent in a lot of shots.top and back lighting used effectively, and often use high key lighting.sound is both diegetic and non diegetic.CSI tends to use contrapuntal sound in their episodes. Involves continiuty editing and straight and jump cuts predominantly.

I--shown in the U.K on channel 5 which shows all CSI series and law and order.Also shown on five US.the epsiodes themselves are made by jerry bruckheimer productions.

G--crime,drama,thriller,police,mystery,investigation

R--of forensic scientists(men&women)=intellectual, smart, superior, nerdy.Of suspects=mentally defected, desperate, stupid, depressed.

A--18+ broadsheet intelligentsia both male and female, so they can relate to characters and understand and try and solve the crimes along with the program.although their estimated primary audience is much older than what it really is.early teenagers also enjoy watching the program,probably ones which are more diffused into science than others.

I--patriarchal showing grissom as supervisor above all employess, although catherine is second in command so also has feminist qualities to it,showing women are just as superior as men.heterosexual ideology to the fact that relationships are shown between characters, e.g sara sidle and gil grissoms relationship.quite nationalist as all CSI's focus on the crime problems facing AMERICA.Often focuses on capitalist problems within society as murders sometimes lead to hunger for more money.

N--the LAS VEGAS crime department try to crack to crimes and solve them (in one episodes, sometimes only focueses on one crime). Between all the work their is a distant feature on relationships.In the end of each episode there is closure to the crime by tracking down the cons.

CSI crime scene investigation SHEP

S--The actual LV crime lab is the second most active crime lab in the US so society must play a big influence in the CSI series and may give ideas about the stories they rely on to make the crimes

H--grissom often relates crimes back to ancient times so it shows that they use historical contexts for many of their episodes

E--?

P--?

the auteur theory is very important as anthony zuiker and jerry bruckheimer have worked on all CSI series to produce such fascinating programmes this theory can help explain the development and success of CSI

CSI seasons

http://www11.alluc.org/alluc/tv-shows.html?lang=null&action=getviewcategory&category_uid=938

theres a link to 8 or 9 seasons of CSI episodes...this is just to show what my essay will be based on. :)

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